Introduction to the Brazilian yellow Bourbon variety of coffee beans.

Brazilian coffee holds an important position in the global coffee market, as Brazil is the largest coffee producer and exporter in the world, and its coffee exports account for one-third of the world’s coffee exports.

Brazil

Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world and the largest country in South America, bordering ten countries such as Uruguay, Argentina, Peru, Colombia, and Suriname. The terrain of Brazil is mainly divided into two parts, one part is the Brazilian Plateau distributed in the central and southern parts, with an altitude above 500 meters, and the other part is the plain and the Amazon River basin distributed in the northern and western parts, with an altitude below 200 meters.

The reason why Brazilian coffee can become the largest coffee producer is due to its advantageous geographical conditions and climatic environment. Brazil is mainly a tropical climate, with the northern region being a tropical rainforest climate, the central tropical savanna climate, and the southern subtropical monsoon humid climate. In Brazil, there are mainly three types of soil distributed, namely sedimentary volcanic clastic soil, red and yellow soil, and brown type clay. These soils are rich in organic matter and minerals, and have good drainage. Coupled with the numerous rivers and suitable climate, it is very suitable for coffee planting.

Bourbon (Bourbon) variety and Typica variety belong to the oldest existing coffee varieties. In the Bourbon coffee tree plant, the nodes of the leaves are close, and the coffee cherries are mainly red fruits, yellow fruits, and orange (pink), and the raw bean form is mainly round beans. The overall tree shape is larger, but relatively fragile, and it is easily affected by nematodes, coffee berry disease, and leaf rust. It needs careful care, and the yield is general, but it is suitable for planting in high-altitude areas, and the quality of planting in high-altitude areas is better.

Common Bourbon fruits will gradually change from green to slightly yellow, red, and finally to a completely mature deep red from flowering to ripening. This kind of changing coffee fresh fruits is what we often call red Bourbon. And the yellow Bourbon is a unique Bourbon variant in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Due to the influence of its recessive genes, the mature fruits will not turn red, but instead present an orange yellow color, so it is called “yellow Bourbon”.